A Patient with Recently Diagnosed HIV Found to have Cryptococcus Meningitis with Course Complicated by Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia, CMV Colitis, and Kaposi Sarcoma

Opportunistic infections (OIs) remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in individuals with advanced human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), particularly in those with severe immunosuppression. Among the most life-threatening OIs are cryptococcal meningitis, Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP), cytomegalovirus (CMV) colitis, and Kaposi sarcoma (KS), each of which poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Here is a case of a man with recently diagnosed HIV who was admitted to the hospital with a chief complaint of headache and was found to have cryptococcal meningitis with a hospital course complicated by Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP), CMV colitis, and Kaposi sarcoma. This case highlights the complexity of managing multiple OIs in patients with advanced HIV and underscores the importance of screening for HIV in populations who are at higher risk for the disease.