Disparities in Village Apparatus Human Resources in Public Service Delivery in Bone Subdistrict, Bone Bolango Regency

This study aims to analyze disparities in the human resources (HR) of village apparatus in public service delivery in Bone Subdistrict, Bone Bolango Regency, using the Human Capital Resources (HCR) framework with indicators of Knowledge, Skills, Abilities, and Experience (KSAE). A qualitative approach was employed, with data collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. Data analysis was conducted using the interactive model by Miles and Huberman, comprising data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal: First, in terms of knowledge, officials in Monano and Ilohuuwa Villages generally understand public service regulations and basic administrative procedures. However, in Waluhu Village, understanding of regulations is limited and not supported by an adequate internal training system. Second, regarding skills, operational competencies in using digital tools and village administration systems remain challenging, especially in Waluhu. Training has been unevenly distributed and not all relevant personnel have participated. Meanwhile, Monano Village is more adaptive to digital systems and efficient in financial reporting. Third, in the abilities aspect, village officials’ capacity to respond to emergencies and adapt to policy changes remains ad hoc and lacks standardized operating procedures (SOPs). Officials also tend to react rather than proactively address policy directives. Fourth, in terms of experience, most officials have served for over five years and have prior work experience outside the village (e.g., as surveyors or entrepreneurs). However, there is no structured system for transferring experience to new personnel, and learning remains informal and unstructured.