Aligning Vocational Training Systems with the Gig Economy and Digital Job Markets Through Training Needs Analysis (TNA): Case Study of BBPVP Bandung

The transformation of Indonesia’s labor market, driven by the rise of the digital economy and gig-based work, requires a responsive vocational training system that equips graduates with relevant and future-ready competencies. BBPVP Bandung, as a public vocational training center, faces challenges in aligning its traditional programs with the demands of flexible, platform-based employment. This study explores how Training Needs Analysis (TNA) can be used as a strategic tool to identify job market trends, develop competency frameworks, and guide program delivery to bridge this gap. Through a qualitative research approach, the study gathered insights from industry professionals, gig & digital talents, and institutional leaders via interviews and focus group discussions. Using the Gioia method for analysis, the findings were synthesized into key strategic themes that address emerging job trends, the types of competencies required, and effective training delivery models for the digital era. The study concludes that BBPVP Bandung should prioritize developing talent in three key digital roles: Digital Marketing Specialists, Social Media Specialists, and Graphic Designers. An integrated competency model combining technical, soft, and entrepreneurial competencies was formulated to ensure holistic graduate preparedness. Furthermore, an End-to-End Gig-Oriented Vocational Delivery System is proposed, encompassing early industry collaboration, modular and micro-credential learning, and post-graduation mentoring and support. Embedding TNA as a continuous planning mechanism will enable BBPVP Bandung to sustain relevance, strengthen graduate employability, and contribute to broader vocational education transformation in Indonesia.