Association between cerebral small vessel disease and malnutrition risk: a retrospective cross-sectional study

After adjusting for potential confounders, patients at risk of malnutrition, as identified by both the GNRI and CONUT scores, exhibited more severe CSVD and its common imaging markers. Further analyses revealed interactions between GNRI score and smoking, highlighting potential modifying effects on the relationship between malnutrition risk and CSVD. Collectively, malnutrition risk, as assessed by objective nutritional indices, is independently associated with CSVD and its common imaging markers. These results emphasize the importance of addressing malnutrition in the prevention and management of CSVD.