The impact of high BMI on the global burden of osteoarthritis from 1990 to 2021 and future projections

Our findings highlight the growing impact of high BMI on OA burden, with pronounced regional inequalities. There is an urgent need for targeted prevention strategies, improved OA management, and optimized resource allocation, especially in low-SDI and rapidly developing areas. These results support the development of precision public health strategies to mitigate the rising burden of BMI-related OA worldwide.