Assessment of the Uneven Parameters of the Labor Market of Municipalities of the Trans-Baikal Territory

Despite official reports about unprecedentedly high growth rates of GRP, gigantic volumes of investment, the Trans-Baikal Territory as part of the Far Eastern Federal District is firmly in the last positions in terms of unemployment, employment, shadow employment and poverty levels. To some extent, the lag of the Trans-Baikal Territory from the regions of the Far Eastern Federal District in terms of labor market indicators is natural (from the point of view of the physical and geographical features of the territory) and historically determined. In economic science, these processes are well studied and described. The specificity of Transbaikalia, which determines its lag behind the established parameters in the Far Eastern Federal District, is the uneven distribution and use of labor resources across the territory of the region and the associated unevenness and dispersion of the distribution of productive forces. The current development mechanisms common in the Far Eastern Federal District (ASEZ, in particular), on the territory of the Trans-Baikal Territory do not provide a “smoothing” effect and do not stimulate not only the influx, but also the retention of labor in the territory of Trans-Baikal Region, the shortage of which jeopardizes the implementation of strategic plans for the development of the Trans-Baikal region edges. It is obvious that the mechanisms used for development and smoothing out unevenness in the regions of the Far Eastern Federal District must take into account the specifics of the territories, and therefore their range requires expansion. At the same time, both local government bodies and regional executive authorities have in their arsenal sufficient management tools that can correct the historical unevenness in the distribution of labor resources through training and retraining programs, orientation of educational institutions to the needs and economic specialization of municipal districts, social support for the unemployed and those employed in the informal sector, state support for employers creating jobs with high wages.