ON THE PROBLEM OF NUTRIENT DEFICIENCY IN ARABLE SOILS OF KRASNOYARSK REGION

The objective of research is a comprehensive assessment of the problem of deficiency of basic nutrients in arable soils of the Krasnoyarsk Region. The materials of the latest cycles of agrochemical survey of arable soils of the Krasnoyarsk Region are summarized. The results of soil diagnostics for the content of humus, nitrate nitrogen, mobile phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, mobile sulfur and microelements are presented in the areas of activity of the agrochemical service and in the Krasnoyarsk Region as a whole. An acute deficiency of such essential macronutrients as nitrate nitrogen, mobile phosphorus and mobile sulfur has been established. Low provision of soils with such microelements as molybdenum, manganese and zinc is noted. Low nitrogen content in soils is associated with the inhibition of nitrification processes, depending on the harsh bioclimatic conditions of the region, the introduction of minimum soil cultivation technology, as well as the weak role of the fallow predecessor as a nitrogen accumulator. The deficiency of mobile phosphorus depends on the poverty of soil-forming rocks of the region in phosphorus-containing minerals and the extremely low level of application of phosphorus fertilizers. The availability of mobile sulfur is very low in almost the entire surveyed area of arable land, which is also due to limiting natural factors that reduce the intensity of sulfification processes and lead to the conversion of organic sulfur into mineral sulfur, which is available to plants. Deficiency of three essential nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur), as well as the microelement molybdenum, leads to disruption of the protein biosynthesis process. Deficiency of mobile phosphorus and sulfur significantly reduces the synthesis of vegetable oils. The quality of the resulting products deteriorates, which entails environmental and economic costs.