A study on hardened parameters of self-compacting concrete using silica fume

The main focus of this study is to examine how silica fume, a by-product from industrial processes, performs when used in concrete with varying mix proportions. As the demand for cement continues to grow, its large-scale production has triggered environmental issues, overuse of natural resources, and rising costs. To help overcome these challenges, the study looks into the use of alternative materials like industrial waste. Silica fume was selected for partial replacement of both cement and sand in several concrete mixes. Due to its high pozzolanic activity and fine, non-crystalline silica content, it has the ability to enhance the mechanical strength of concrete. To assess its influence, concrete cubes and cylinders were prepared with replacement levels of 0%, 8%, 12%, and 16%. Testing showed that compressive strength improved as the silica fume percentage increased, with the best results at 12%. Beyond this point, strength gains began to reduce, suggesting that 12% is the optimal level for improving concrete performance using silica fume.