Beyond responsibility: unveiling the impact of gender and culture on CSR-driven employee engagement

Purpose This study aims to investigate the moderating effects of gender and cultural diversity on the relationship between perceived corporate social responsibility (CSR) and employee engagement. Specifically, it aimed to examine whether these individual-level (gender) and contextual-level (cultural diversity) factors shape the way employees perceive and respond to CSR initiatives within diverse organizational environments. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 211 employees across 19 countries. Quantitative analysis was used to assess the interaction effects of gender and cultural diversity on the CSR–employee engagement relationship. Findings This study reveals that higher levels of perceived CSR led to increased employee engagement. Women demonstrate higher engagement levels compared to men under similar CSR perceptions. Furthermore, cultural diversity amplifies the positive effect of CSR on employee engagement, with employees in diverse workplaces showing greater responsiveness to CSR initiatives. A three-way interaction reveals that women in culturally diverse settings exhibit the highest engagement levels when perceiving similar CSR efforts as men. Originality/value This research emphasizes the critical roles of gender and cultural diversity in shaping the impact of CSR on employee engagement. It highlights the importance of authentic CSR practices for organizations aiming to foster a highly engaged and inclusive workforce.