Programmed Instruction as an Effective Tool in Developing the Technical Level of U13 Female Volleyball Players

The hereby research examines the efficiency of using the ramified programmed instruction method in optimizing the technical training of U13 female volleyball players. The ramified programmed instruction enables the personalization of the learning process, adapted to the performance and progress of each sportswoman. The aim of this paper is to analyze the efficiency of ramified programmed instruction in optimizing the technical preparation of U13 female volleyball players. The experiment was carried out in the competition year 2023 - 2024 and consisted in applying the ramified programmed training through a series of limited sequences called "methodical steps", carried out in a logical sequence and gradation that allow the sportswoman to advance "step by step" in the assimilation of the knowledge she is going through while training. Using ramified programmed instruction, the aim is not only to improve technical performance, but also to increase players' motivation and commitment to the learning process. We mention that the research was carried out at Dacia Technological High School in Pitești, and the measurements were performed with the help of volleyball specific technical training tests which were used on two groups (control and experimental). After the application of our proposed training session, significant differences were recorded in all the technical-tactical tests included in the experiment, with Pearsons’s correlation value ranging from 0.001 to 0.0001. The shape of the distribution curve for the technical-tactical parameters was ascending for all thirteen evaluation samples. The distribution registered an increase across tests which reveal that the parameters developed significantly. In conclusion, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of how innovative training methods, such as ramified programming, improve the technical training process of female volleyball players, enhancing training efficiency and training outcomes in a sport setting.