Stakeholder perspectives on acceptability of implementing a child mental health intervention in child welfare services: a pilot study

This pilot study sought to examine the acceptability of implementing a modified behavioral parent training program, the 4Rs and 2Ss intervention, within a Child Welfare (CW) placement prevention service. CW staff (<i>n</i>=12; caseplanners (<i>n</i>=6), supervisors (<i>n</i>=4), and administrators (<i>n</i>=2)) and CW-involved families (<i>n</i>=12) completed surveys which were followed by semi-structured interviews and a focus group to explore the acceptability of implementing the modified 4Rs and 2Ss in the CW setting. All quantitative benchmarks for high acceptability were met (i.e., treatment satisfaction; acceptability and appropriateness of the intervention; attitudes towards evidence-based practices [EBP]). CW staff reported acceptability of the program based on the characteristics of the intervention, overall support received, and appropriateness of the intervention, but had mixed perceptions related to the consultation time commitment and the training received, while role conflict posed as a barrier to acceptability. For CW-involved families, acceptability was enhanced by the recruitment and eligibility process, logistical support (e.g., childcare, transportation, meal), group environment, and child and family wellbeing. Caregivers' acceptability was hindered by the lack of separation between parent and children during group sessions, group size and duration, some session activities, and the voluntary versus crises-oriented focus of caregivers' participation in the program.