Theoretical and methodological approaches to studying the phenomenon of identity: problems and prospects

The study of the phenomenon of identity is one of the key problems of modern social and humanitarian sci-ences. In the context of globalization, migration, and multiculturalism, the issues of formation, preservation, and transformation of identity are of particular relevance. This article is devoted to the analysis of methodo-logical approaches to the study of the phenomenon of identity, and to identifying the problems and prospects associated with their application in various disciplinary areas. The purpose of the study is to determine effec-tive methodological approaches used to study various aspects of identity (personal, cultural, national), and as-sess their scientific and practical significance. The main attention is paid to the analysis of key areas: socio-philosophical, sociological, psychological, and anthropological approaches to the phenomenon of identity. The article provides an overview of modern methodological strategies and tools, such as discourse analysis, and phenomenological method. The problems of operationalization of the concept of identity, as well as the difficulties of an interdisciplinary approach in studying this phenomenon, are considered. The results of the study showed that each methodological strategy has its limitations and advantages, depending on the context of the studied aspect of identity. Conclusions are made about the need to develop integrative approaches. The value of the work lies in the in-depth analysis of methodological problems associated with the study of identi-ty, as well as in the proposal of new approaches that can be used in future studies. The practical significance of the work lies in the possible application of its results in socio-political and cultural studies to understand identification processes in the context of modern globalization.