Research on the Role and Management Mechanism of Part Time Teachers in Vocational Education Based on Incentive Theory

本研究基于马斯洛需求层次理论、期望理论及双因素理论，旨在优化企业兼职教师管理以提升职业教育质量，指出企业兼职教师作为产教融合核心纽带，在教学实践优化、学生能力培养及校企协同深化等方面具有不可替代的作用，但当前存在聘用与准入机制不完善、教学能力与管理协同不足、激励与保障机制缺失等结构性问题。对此，研究提出针对性策略，包括完善聘用与准入体系，实现“人岗匹配激励”；强化教学能力与协同管理，形成“能力提升–协同管理–激励反馈”闭环；健全激励与保障机制，构建多层次激励体系并完善社会保障与职业发展通道，认为通过理论与实践结合的管理机制创新，可激发兼职教师积极性，推动职业教育与产业深度融合，为培养高素质技术技能人才提供长效支撑。This study is based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory, expectancy theory, and two factor theory, aiming to optimize the management of part-time teachers in enterprises to improve the quality of vocational education. It points out that part-time teachers in enterprises, as the core link of industry education integration, play an irreplaceable role in optimizing teaching practice, cultivating student abilities, and deepening school enterprise cooperation. However, there are currently structural problems such as imperfect employment and admission mechanisms, insufficient coordination between teaching ability and management, and lack of incentive and guarantee mechanisms. In response to this, targeted strategies have been proposed, including improving the recruitment and admission system, and achieving “person job matching incentives”; strengthening teaching ability and collaborative management, forming a closed loop of “ability enhancement-collaborative management-incentive feedback”; establishing a sound incentive and guarantee mechanism, building a multi-level incentive system, and improving social security and career development channels. It is believed that innovative management mechanisms that combine theory and practice can stimulate the enthusiasm of part-time teachers, promote the deep integration of vocational education and industry, and provide long-term support for cultivating high-quality technical and skilled talents.