Development of Metal Oxide-Based Catalysts for CO2 Capture and Conversion

The increasing level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, mainly caused by the burning of fossil fuels, is one of the main drivers of climate change. With the global energy demand still on the increase, CO2 emission mitigation has become a critical environment issue. Carbon capture, utilization, and storage technologies, especially CO2 capture and conversion, play a central role in solving this problem. Among the multitude of CO2 capture materials, metal oxides have attracted serious interest due to their cost effective nature, excellent selectivity and thermal resistance. This overview is concerned with the application of metal oxides as catalysts in CO2 and transformation processes. This overview discusses the mechanism of CO2 adsorption, namely, the superiority of metal oxide-based sorbents such as calcium oxide and magnesium oxide which contain brilliant CO2 adsorption characteristics. Moreover, the review explores the catalytic performance of single and binary metal oxides for CO2 conversion, as they can convert CO2 into desirable products such as methanol and hydrocarbons. The review discusses the recent developments in metal oxide composites, including the addition of grapheme oxide, to boost the catalytic performance and selectivity in CO2 conversion. This reviews findings underscore the significant potential of metal oxides not only in addressing CO2-related environmental challenges but also in offering a sustainable pathway for reducing atmospheric CO2 levels while simultaneously producing valuable chemical compounds. . KEYWORDS :Calcium oxide, Carbon conversion, Carbon dioxide utilization, Catalysts, CO2 capture, Magnesium oxide, Metal oxides, Photocatalysis