An Ethylicin Dosage Form - for Bacterial Wilt Disease Control

Bacterial wilt, caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, is a soil-borne disease. To control this disease, we prepared a slow-controlled release granule with an ethylicin-loaded core-shell structure. We analyzed the release characteristics, disease control efficacy, and impacts on soil microorganisms of ethylicin sustained release granules (ESRG) using high performance liquid chromatography, field experiments, and high-throughput sequencing. The ESRG exhibited a release rate of 46.86% at 20 °C and 57.49% at 35 °C on day 7 in soil with 10% moisture content, and 65.48% at 20 °C and 83.99% at 35 °C on day 7 in soil with 30% moisture content, demonstrating a dual response to temperature and moisture. In the field experiment, the relative control efficacy against tobacco bacterial wilt disease reached 42.33% on day 106. High-throughput sequencing results revealed that ESRG treatment enhanced bacterial diversity, while decreasing fungal diversity in the soil. Furthermore, ESRG treatment reduced the relative abundance of Ralstonia spp. and Fusarium spp. by 74.48% and 11.76%, respectively, at 15–20 cm depth. These findings can provide an important basis for ethylicin in the control of bacterial wilt disease.