Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of Ethanolic Extracts of Olax subscorpioidea Components on MCF-7 Cell Line

Several experiments have explored the chemotherapeutic profiles of certain plant species, and one such shrub is known as Olax subscorpioidea, which is widely used in checking almost all types of cancer and many metabolic diseases. Despite their utilisation and control of most cancers, there is not much clinical evidence of the anti-proliferative and anti-cancerous impact capabilities of the plant. This study was aimed to evaluate the epidermal and anti-proliferative effects of the leaves extract of Olax subsubicorpioida to the chronic DNA damage of breast cancer, or MCF-7 cells using the comet test. The quantitative phytochemical screening revealed that the highest amounts were alkaloids (23.49 mg/g) and reducing sugar (24.29 mg/g). Mass spectrometry analysis identified Phytol (24.82) and 9-Octadecenoic Acid Methyl Ester (28.47) as possessing the highest values. The DPPH scavenging activity revealed that O. subscorpioidea extracts at 100 g/ml exhibited the best activity at 75.1 compared to the control (ascorbic acid) at 74.4. The comet assay showing levels of damaged nuclei in cancer cells revealed Olax subscorpioidea extract at 50 g/mL to have a higher increase of 13.5 at 48 h compared to untreated, which has a value of 9.8, and cisplatin, which has a value of 12.8. The ethanolic plant extract of Olax. subscorpioidea has chemopreventive as well as chemotherapeutic (DNA-damaging) potential due to its high scavenging activity and high DNA damage of cancer cell nuclei. Olax. subscorpioidea extract can be useful as food or a supplement used in combination with conventional drugs to enhance the treatment of mammary carcinoma.