Common Peroneal Nerve Palsy Secondary to Peroneus Longus Hematoma following Hajj pilgrimage

Abstract A 61-year-old homemaker presented with an insidious onset of pain in the right leg laterally and foot pain for 10 days followed by an inability to dorsiflex the right foot. Based on the clinical picture, nerve conduction studies, and imaging findings, a diagnosis of common peroneal nerve (CPN) palsy due to peroneus longus (PL) and peroneus brevis hematoma was made. She was managed conservatively with antibiotics, pain management, and physiotherapy. Our patient had CPN palsy secondary to PL hematoma without compartment syndrome following mass gathering at the Hajj pilgrimage without any significant history of trauma. She might have developed the hematoma secondary to the increased strain of the muscles or unnoticed ankle inversion injury during the mass gathering. The case reminds physicians to be aware of such rare causes of CPN palsy and the importance of appropriate imaging techniques in diagnosing.