Half Diallel Analysis for Grain Yield and Maturity Duration of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) using Hayman and Griffing Method

Background: Six rice genotypes, namely Rojolele, Pandan Wangi, INPARI 32, INPARI 48, Chakra Buana and M70D, along with their fifteen half diallel crosses, were tested to elucidate the genetic control underlying the inheritance of yield and maturity traits. The research aimed to study genetic variability and yield component characters of six parents of rice genotypes and 15 crossing combinations. Methods: Twenty-one genotypes, including parents and F1s, were planted using a randomized block design with three replications. The rice grain yield and maturity duration data were utilized for half diallel analysis using the Hayman and Griffing method-2. Result: The study found that whereas additive gene action controls maturity duration and grain yield per plant features and yield per plant, additive gene action predominates. The study showed that the environment affected the expression of these additive genes and that the additive gene substantially affected the inheritance of these features. Broad-sense heritability (60%) is greater than narrow-sense (12%) of grain yield. Broad-sense and narrow-sense heritability are similarly high (98%, 70%) in maturity duration. This implies that these features can be selected in the early generation using the pedigree technique. Except for grain yield per plant, the general combining ability (GCA) was more critical for maturity duration than the specific combining ability (SCA). According to this result, the research may help rice breeding programs develop early maturity and high grain yield to promote food security.