INFLUENCE OF SCHOOL HEADS MANAGERIAL SKILLS AS TO SUPERVISORY, INTERPERSONAL, AND LEADERSHIP ONSCHOOL-BASED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN THEPHILIPPINES

This study investigated the influence of school heads managerial skills specifically supervisory, interpersonal, and leadership on the implementation of School-Based Management (SBM) practices in the Philippines. Anchored in Glickmans Supervision Theory, Katzs Three-Skill Approach, and McClellands Human Motivation Theory, the research employed a quantitative descriptive-correlational research design. Quantitative data were collected from 119 teachers through a structured survey and analyzed using non-parametric statistical tools, including the Spearmans rho, and regression analysis. Findings revealed that while school heads demonstrated strong supervisory and interpersonal skills, leadership skills particularly in areas of vision-setting and mentorship had the most substantial impact on effective SBM implementation. The study highlighted the active role of community stakeholders in school governance, although additional capacity-building efforts were recommended. Interpersonal skills were found to significantly enhance leadership effectiveness, while supervisory skills influenced SBM outcomes independently. The study concluded that leadership quality is a critical driver of successful SBM. It recommends targeted training programs to strengthen leadership and mentoring competencies, regular monitoring of curriculum alignment, and sustained community empowerment initiatives. The research further proposes a contextualized transformational leadership model to support SBM in the Philippine educational system, emphasizing trust, collaboration, and adaptability.