Evaluation of dietary moringa (Moringa oleifera) supplementation on growth, haematological parameters and immune responses in Amur common carp (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus)

Aquaculture is one of the world's fastest growing industries. Improved disease resistance, feed efficiency and growth performance of farmed fish species are all needed. Dietary supplementation of medicinal plants has developed good defence against pathogenic bacteria and there is rising interest in them as natural antibacterial medicines. 90 days feeding trial conducted to assess the effect of moringa (Moringa oleifera) food supplementation on growth performance, survival, immunological response, disease resistance, haematology and gut histology in Amur common carp (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus). In each experiment, basal diet (30% protein) was supplemented with moringa leaf powder at rates of 5 g (T1), 15 g (T2) and 25 g/kg (T3). A control diet was also provided in triplicate (T0). According to the findings, all groups had a 100% survival rate. At the conclusion of the feeding study, T3 demonstrated a substantial improvement (p