Optimised channel propagation modelling and ray tracing for 5G network planning in urban areas

The increasing demand for high-speed communication in urban areas has required development of efficient optimisation methods in planning of fifth generation (5G) terrestrial mobile radio networks. The 5G terrestrial mobile radio network has been widely deployed around the world in frequency range of 3.5 GHz and 28 GHz bands. The planning of 5G terrestrial mobile radio networks involves assessing coverage for regional characteristics of different locations. This study focuses on channel propagation analysis for planning 5G terrestrial mobile radio networks in Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia. We have considered free space, atmospheric gas, rain attenuation, and close-in models to analyse propagation losses in three-dimensional urban scenarios. The results of this study have shown that close-in and free space models have best and lowest performance in signal to interference noise ratio (SINR) with 19.76 dB and 12.515 dB respectively; using ray tracing model at distance of 0.5 km and 0.041 km height of transmitters.