Green innovation for sustainable development: the impact of research and development on environmental pollution reduction

In recent decades, mitigating environmental pollution has become a crucial objective for economies worldwide in pursuit of sustainable growth. However, the relationship between research and development (R&D) and its potential role in reducing environmental pollution remains relatively unexplored in sustainable development research. This study investigates the influence of green R&D on environmental pollution reduction. Through a comprehensive literature review, the study identifies five key components of green R&D: green intellectual capital, green ideas, green design, green investment, and rules and standards. The findings demonstrate that green R&D positively influences environmental pollution reduction, supporting its role as a driver for sustainable development and economic growth.