Current view of the diagnosis of endometrial polyp: A retrospective study

Background. Intrauterine pathology remains a relevant topic due to its impact on the reproductive function and possible oncological risks. It is also essential to optimize the diagnosis and use of non-invasive methods to reduce the risk of complications of diagnostic manipulations. Aim. To determine the level of accuracy and the required non-invasive diagnostic tests for endometrial polyps (EP) to reduce unnecessary hysteroscopies in the absence of endometrial pathology and the risk of possible complications. Materials and methods. The study included case histories of 147 patients with histologically confirmed EPs. Patients' case histories were retrospectively reviewed to determine the diagnostic value of the diagnostic studies. The results obtained during pelvic ultrasound (US), sonohysterography, sonoelastography, hysteroscopy, and histological examination are compared. Results. Diagnostic inaccuracies in the context of EP diagnosis are possible when performing a pelvic US. Dopplerometry did not significantly affect the diagnostic value of EP ultrasound imaging. Sonohysterography improves the accuracy of EP diagnosis compared to pelvic US, with an odds ratio of 4.5 [2.5; 8.2]. However, the disadvantages of this method include invasiveness and the risk of complications. Using sonoelastography, the accuracy of EP diagnosis compared to pelvic US was significantly higher with an odds ratio of 8.7 [4.2; 17.9]. Conclusion. Sonoelastography is necessary to improve the accuracy of non-invasive diagnostic methods for EP and reduce unnecessary hysteroscopies in patients without endometrial pathology.