Research on the Influencing Factors and Governance Mechanism of Migrant Workers’ Wage Payment in the Power Grid Industry—An Empirical Analysis Based on the Data of the Bid Section of Project A

本研究以A电网工程两个标段的1100名农民工工资数据为基础，通过箱线图可视化与层次分析法(AHP)，探讨建筑行业农民工工资发放的影响因素及治理机制。研究发现，标段间工资水平差异显著，1标段工资分布集中且异常值少，而2标段工资波动大且普遍偏高；层次分析表明，市场因素(权重0.4013)与岗位职级(权重0.1929)是影响人工费的核心因素，劳动力供给量、经济发展水平及技术熟练程度次之。基于此，研究提出三方面治理策略：一是完善法制惩戒体系，强化欠薪行为的法律约束与社会监督；二是规范参建主体行为，推行实名制与专用账户管理以保障工资专款专用；三是提升农民工维权意识，通过普法宣传与工会组织增强其法律能力。本研究为优化建筑行业薪酬管理机制、维护农民工权益提供了数据支撑与决策参考。Based on the wage data of 1100 migrant workers in two sections of the A grid project, this study explores the influencing factors and governance mechanisms of migrant workers’ wage payment in the construction industry through box graph visualization and hierarchical analysis method (AHP). The study found that the wage level difference between the tiers was significant, the wage distribution in the tier 1 was concentrated and the outliers were small, while the wage fluctuated greatly and was generally high in the tier 2. The tier analysis showed that market factors (weight 0.4013) and job rank (weight 0.1929) were the core factors affecting labor costs, followed by labor supply, economic development level and technical proficiency. Based on this, the research proposes three governance strategies: First, improve the legal punishment system, strengthen legal constraints and social supervision of wage arrears; Second, standardize the behavior of the main body participating in the construction, and implement real-name system and special account management to ensure the special purpose of wages; Third, improve the awareness of migrant workers to protect their rights, and enhance their legal capabilities through legal publicity and trade union organizations. This study provides data support and decision-making reference for optimizing the salary management mechanism of the construction industry and safeguarding the rights and interests of migrant workers.