Translatorski dwugłos – współczesne uwarunkowania kolektywnego przekładu literackiego na przykładzie Kanady

THE TRANSLATOR’S DUAL VOICE: CONTEMPORARY CONDITIONS OF COLLECTIVE LITERARY TRANSLATION ON THE EXAMPLE OF CANADA Numerous historical examples and academic studies demonstrate that, prior to the Renaissance, collective translation was a commonly practiced form of translation. In contemporary times, however, literary translation is stereotypically perceived as a solitary activity, with the translator’s approach mirroring the original author’s creative process. The purpose of this article is to discuss the phenomenon of collective translation in light of the growing interest in Indigenous literatures in Francophone Canada, observable since 2015. Following an exploration of the historical causes of the paradigm shift and an examination of the contemporary conditions of the Canadian literary polysystem, the article analyzes the phenomenon of co-translations of Indigenous literatures from English into French, produced between 2014 and 2024.