Finite Element Analysis of Plain Cement Concrete Slab with and Without Opening

In modern construction practices, plain cement concrete (PCC) slabs are often designed with openings to accommodate services such as electrical conduits, plumbing, and ventilation ducts. However, the introduction of openings leads to significant changes in the structural behavior of slabs, including increased deflections, stress concentrations, and potential early cracking. This research presents a comprehensive finite element analysis (FEA) study on PCC slabs with and without openings, considering different concrete grades (M20, M30, M40, and M60). The slabs were modeled under simply supported conditions and subjected to a uniform distributed load. Various parameters were analyzed, including opening size and location.