Active and Reactive Power Sharing Between Dispatchable Distributed Generation Units Within a Microgrid With Multiple Grid Interconnections, Using Enhanced Interconnection Flow Controller

This paper discusses the enhancements made to the basic interconnection flow controller (IFC) design recommended for microgrids for managing active power flow on the interconnection lines between the microgrid and main grid. The enhancements focus on two key features: the frequency response balancing within the active power controller, and integration of the interconnection reactive power flow controller (IRFC). A microgrid, in grid interconnected mode, is defined to be ideal, when it either acts a constant load or as a constant source with reference to the main grid. The designed enhancements ensure that microgrid continue to operate ideally, not only with reference to the active power but also with regards to the reactive power flow from the main grid, even during minor frequency deviations in the main grid. The suggested modifications aim to maintain system stability by dynamically adjusting active and reactive power flows between the microgrid and the main grid. The simulation results show that the enhanced‐IFC (e‐IFC) outperforms the standard IFC, especially during varying reactive power demand and frequency deviation events. The proposed e‐IFC achieves an 80% reduction in active power flow deviation (from ±10% to ±2%) and improves frequency recovery time by over 50% (from 6.5 to 3.2 s). Reactive power flow regulation is maintained within ±2% of reference under dynamic load conditions, ensuring voltage stability. The e‐IFC’s ability to independently control both active and reactive power flows offers an ideal, more stable and efficient operation of the microgrid, improving overall system reliability.