Comparative Analysis of Generative Artificial Intelligence Systems in Solving Clinical Pharmacy Problems: Mixed Methods Study

While generative AI shows promise as a pharmacist assistance tool, significant limitations-including high-risk errors (eg, contraindication omissions), inadequate localization, and complex reasoning gaps-preclude autonomous clinical decision-making. Performance stratification highlights DeepSeek-R1's current advantage, but all systems require optimization in dynamic knowledge updating, complex scenario reasoning, and output interpretability. Future deployment must prioritize human oversight (human-AI co-review), ethical safeguards, and continuous evaluation frameworks.