Revisión de la acción de las orexinas en la regulación  del apetito, metabolismo y balance energético.

Introduction: The article addresses the role of orexins, neuropeptides involved in the regulation of appetite, metabolism and energy balance, especially in the context of obesity. Objective: the main objective is to explore how orexins influence appetite and energy metabolism, as well as to identify possible therapeutic targets for the management of obesity. Material and Methods: An Umbrella review was conducted in Pubmed, BVS, ProQuest and Cinahl databases, where studies from secondary sources were included. Results: 256 studies were identified of which 37 met the criteria. The findings report the importance of orexins in the regulation of appetite and energy metabolism. Alterations in orexin levels are linked to energy imbalance, characteristic of obesity. Discussion: the article emphasizes the need for further research on how environmental factors and stress affect orexin activity. Conclusions: the review concludes that orexins are promising targets for therapeutic interventions in obesity. In addition, integrating nursing practices that consider sleep patterns and stress levels may improve patient care.