Ecological Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic: Changes in Ambient Air Quality in Major Cities of Georgia

        This study aims to evaluate the changes in ambient air quality in major urban centres of Georgia-Tbilisi, Rustavi, and Batumi - during the period 2019 to 2023, encompassing the pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic phases. The research focused on key atmospheric pollutants, including particulate matter (PM₁₀, PM₂.₅), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O₃), and sulfur dioxide (SO₂). The collected data were processed and analysed using Microsoft Excel.           The findings indicate that air pollution remains a significant environmental and public health issue in the studied cities. Addressing this challenge necessitates the coordinated involvement of governmental bodies, the scientific community, and civil society.           To mitigate air pollution and improve air quality, the following measures are recommended: expansion of the national air quality monitoring network, gradual replacement of aging vehicle with electric and hybrid alternatives, strengthened regulatory control over emissions from diesel-powered vehicles, development and maintenance of urban green spaces promotion and integration of renewable energy sources, adoption of energy-efficient construction technologies and practices.            Further research is recommended, particularly in regions with the highest pollution levels. Such studies should be conducted in parallel with epidemiological investigations into chronic non-communicable diseases, especially those affecting the respiratory system, in order to better understand the public health implications of long-term exposure to air pollutants.