Comparative Study Between Multiple Insulin Doses Regimen Versus Twice Daily Regimen in Children and Teenagers with Type One Diabetes in Mosul City

Objectives: To evaluate the glycemic control and to identify the possible side effects of multiple insulin regimen versus twice daily regimen among diabetic patients whom visited the endocrine unit at Al Khansa’a Teaching Hospital in Mosul from the 1st of January 2023 to the end of December 2023. Methods: This is a cohort descriptive study. Patients case sheets were reviewed to acquire the mandatory information. The questionnaire was composed of two sections, first section included demographic information while the second covered specific diabetes Mellitus information. Results: Sixty-nine children with type 1 diabetes were included in the study, with (52%) males and (48%) females. About two thirds of the studied sample were on multiple daily injections of insulin and one third was on twice daily dosing. HbA1c mean was dropped from 10.8 ± 1.7 at baseline to 8.5 ± 1.5 (p < 0.001) among BID group, while it dropped from 11.3 ± 1.7 at baseline to 8.1 ± 1.0 (p < 0.001) among MDI group. There was no significant difference in reported hypoglycaemia between the two groups: which was 29 out of 43 (67%) among MDI group compared to 16 out of 26 (62%) among BID group. Conclusion and Recommendation: It has been demonstrated that multiple insulin regimen can improve teenagers’ glycemic control with less episodes of hypoglycemia. Providing Rapid-acting insulin (lispro) and long-acting insulin (glargine) in hospital and centers dealing with diabetes is beneficial as their prices are not affordable to all patients’ families.