From the History of the Formation of names of persons by profession in the Modern Russian language: gender aspect

The article is devoted to the study of the history of formation of names of persons by profession in the modern Russian language. The empirical base of the study, which is aimed at deep understanding of linguistic processes reflecting changes in the social structure and cultural norms of society, was formed by the materials of the National Corpus of the Russian Language and scientific sources that allow one to identify the key moments in the evolution of "male" and "female" professions and their names. The main attention is paid to linguistic and extralinguistic factors which influence the functioning of the studied nominations in the society at different time periods, including socio-cultural transformations and internal language processes; the methods of word formation, as well as the features of the functioning of gender-oriented nominations in different social spheres from the end of the 19th century to the present, are analyzed. The results obtained indicate active use of professional gender nominations in the media scene and colloquial speech, as well as adaptive properties of language in changing social conditions.