Determination of electromagnetic shielding effectiveness using an enhanced Absorber Box method: theoretical, simulation, and experimental approaches

Abstract Accurate characterization of shielding effectiveness (SE) is essential for evaluating electromagnetic interference shielding materials in high-frequency applications such as 5G communications, automotive, radar, and aerospace. Standardized methods like ASTM D4935-18 and IEEE 299-2006 have frequency limitations, precise sample preparation, and demand complex experimental setups that can hinder practical implementation. This study presents an advanced characterization of an optimized Absorber Box methodology that enhances SE measurement accuracy, extends the frequency range beyond 1.5 GHz, and minimizes edge diffraction effects. The proposed approach provides a controlled testing environment in a more compact setup compared to anechoic chambers, facilitating practical implementation without compromising precision. The system’s reliability is validated through numerical simulations using finite element method analysis. Experimental results confirm the method’s ability to differentiate materials with different SE, demonstrating strong agreement between simulated and measured data. This approach offers a flexible and robust alternative to conventional SE measurement techniques, making it particularly advantageous for high-frequency shielding material characterization.