Capacity Optimization Method for BESS Considering HVDC Flexible Operation

Constructing large-scale renewable energy bases in remote areas and transmitting the generated power over long distances to urban load centers through HVDC channels is an important plan for facilitating the green and low-carbon transformation of the power system. Owing to the volatility and uncertainty of renewable energy power generation, it is necessary to construct battery energy storage system to ensure the stability of the power transmitted via HVDC channels. Existing researches on energy storage system capacity optimization primarily focuses on balancing the generation power with the load power in receiving-end microgrids, without considering the constraints of the power dispatch for HVDC transmission at the sending-end. Therefore, a bilevel optimization model for determining the capacity of BESS is proposed in this paper, integrating the flexible operation of HVDC. This enables the co-optimization of energy storage capacity and the HVDC operation modes. To solve the optimization model, this paper employs mathematical theories to generate typical scenarios of wind turbine and photovoltaic output, and utilizes the Dung Beetle Optimizer algorithm for the solution. Finally, based on the power generation data from a renewable energy base in Northwest China, case studied of the model are conducted, verifying the effectiveness of the battery energy storage system optimization method proposed in this paper.