Study on the Evolution Law of Low-Temperature Lithium Plating of Lithium-Ion Batteries Based on Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy

Lithium plating of lithium-ion batteries seriously threatens battery life and safety. However, the evolution law of lithium-ion batteries in the lithium plating process is unclear, and the existing battery management technology cannot effectively detect the lithium plating. Therefore, in this paper, lithium plating is induced by low-temperature charging at -20 °C , and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), which is a nondestructive detection means, is used to explore the evolution of lithium plating of lithium-ion batteries under low-temperature conditions through the methods of single-frequency-point analysis, equivalent circuit fitting, and distribution of relaxation times (DRT). The results show that certain characteristic parameters in EIS can effectively quantify the lithium plating content of the battery, which provides a new method and theoretical basis for battery condition monitoring and management.