Frequency Control Methodology by EV in Loacl EMS with Renewable Energy as Primary Electricity Source

In recent years, with the expansion of the introduction of renewable energy to achieve carbon neutrality, ensuring the frequency stability of the power system has become an urgent issue. In particular, in a microgrid environment where the inertial response of conventional synchronous generators has decreased, frequency deviations caused by supply and demand fluctuations have become more pronounced, and there is a need to establish an effective frequency control method. In this study, we propose a frequency stabilization method that utilizes the charge and discharge control of electric vehicle (EV) groups, and verify its effectiveness. In the proposed method, the EV group is used as a frequency regulation resource, and dynamic charging and discharging control is performed in response to short-period frequency fluctuations in order to compensate for the supply-demand balance. MATLAB/Simulink was used as the simulation environment, and a local grid management system model that takes into account the fluctuation characteristics of renewable energy in microgrids was constructed. Compared with the frequency fluctuations when there is no control, it was confirmed that the charging and discharging control of the EV group can suppress frequency deviations and stabilize the grid frequency. In particular, the frequency fluctuations of the short-period component were greatly reduced, and the frequency maintenance performance was improved compared to conventional control methods. The main results of this study show the effectiveness of distributed frequency control using EV groups in next-generation power systems where renewable energy has become the main electricity power source, and provide guidelines for applying it to actual power systems.