A Transmission Network Planning Model Against Multiple Faults in a High Renewable Energy Integration Context

In recent years, extreme disasters have become increasingly frequent, causing power networks to be susceptible to multiple faults during such events. This can result in large-scale power outages, posing significant threats to the safe and stable operation of power systems. Existing planning methods that focus solely on satisfying load growth are insufficient for resisting multiple faults. To address this issue, this paper proposes a transmission network planning model against multiple faults. The model first identifies correlated multiple faults in the system through the fault chain and establishes the corresponding constraints. It then aims to minimize planning costs, operational costs, load loss, and wind curtailment penalties while embedding constraints related to the most severe multiple faults, unit operations, line states, and more. The process iterates until a planning scheme is developed that simultaneously meets the requirements for load growth, wind power consumption, and ensures that load loss under multiple faults remains below a specified threshold value. Finally, the model is validated using the IEEE RTS-24 case, and the results demonstrate that the method proposed in this paper is capable of withstanding multiple failures.