Leveraging Digital Triplet to Support Engineering Problem-Solving: Integrating Process Modelling with Universal Object Annotation

This study aims at developing a digital tool that supports engineers in better solving problems by enabling the annotations on concepts and their related descriptions under Digital Triplet (D3) framework, in which engineers create values by their knowledge utilizing the Digital Twin (D2). The Process Modelling Language for D3 (PD3) is developed to record all the D2 operations by engineers as well as the judgement, intention and rationale when they are solving a problem. Through a case study, we find that some key concepts in PD3 are not explicitly explained to readers, because the relationships between text-based concepts in PD3 and actual objects in D2 are not clarified. As a solution, Universal Object Annotator (UOA) that enables flexible connections between objects and concepts is designed and developed. With UOA, the PD3 descriptions can be annotated as concepts, states and operations, and then grounded to objects in D2.