[Expert recommendations on graded prevention of allergic rhinitis].

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic inflammatory nasal mucosal disease mainly mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE), characterized by symptoms such as nasal itching, sneezing, rhinorrhea, and nasal congestion, which significantly impact patient quality of life and mental health. With a prevalence of 10%-40% globally and 8%-20% in China, AR poses a considerable public health and economic burden. The pathogenesis of AR involves complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Key triggers include allergens (such as dust mites, pollen, and animal dander), air pollution, climate variations, and unhealthy lifestyles. To address the high prevalence and multifaceted etiology of AR, this article proposes a three-tiered prevention strategy. Primary prevention focuses on non-sensitized individuals, aiming to reduce allergen exposure and prevent disease onset. Secondary prevention targets high-risk individuals with early interventions to delay symptom progression. While tertiary prevention applies to diagnosed patients, using a combination of pharmacological treatments, nasal saline irrigation, allergen-specific immunotherapy, and biologics to control symptoms, reduce complications, and improve quality of life. The recommendations aims to provide standardized clinical guidance by emphasizing graded prevention and treatment strategies to effectively lower the societal burden of AR and enhance public health outcomes.