Optimal Allocation Strategy for Electric EPSVs and Hydrogen Fuel Cell EPSVs Balancing Resilience and Economics

Distribution networks (DNs) face challenges in maintaining continuous power supply for critical loads under disasters. However, from a resilience perspective, the forecast accuracy of line/component failure rates under hurricanes still needs to be improved in order to gain an optimal allocation strategy for multiple emergency power supply vehicles (EPSVs), and the economics under normal state is supposed to be considered in the optimization pre-hurricane EPSV allocation. Due to the rapid development of environmentally friendly EPSVs, electric EPSVs and hydrogen fuel cell EPSVs are considered to be allocated jointly for their different advantages in enhancing DNs' resilience. Hence, to balance the resilience and economics of DNs against hurricanes, an equilibrium allocation strategy for electric EPSVs and hydrogen fuel cell EPSVs is proposed in this paper based on the Nash equilibrium. First, a statistical model for meteorological data about hurricanes is established via the conditional value at risk (CVaR) considering strong wind and the consequent rainfall. Failure rate models of DN lines/components are built on account of the damage mechanism of hurricanes. Then the emergency power supply capability of electric EPSVs and hydrogen fuel cell EPSVs are calculated considering the limited power energy stored in electric EPSVs and abundant hydrogen in a hydrogen fueling station. In addition, an equilibrium allocation strategy for sizing and locating multiple EPSVs is proposed, in which the Nash equilibrium method is utilized. Finally, simulation tests verify the superiority of the proposed failure rate models and equilibrium allocation strategy in balancing the resilience of DNs under hurricanes and the economics of DNs under normal states.