SYNTHESIS, STRUCTURE DETERMINATION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF CHALCONE–THEIAZOLE– COUMARINE HYBRID MOLECULES

Compounds with free radical scavenging properties have garnered significant interest among researchers seeking to develop molecules with such capabilities. Chalcones, thiazoles, and coumarins are pharmacophores known for their potent antioxidant activities and have been the subject of extensive investigation. In this study, ten hybrid molecules incorporating three pharmacophores—chalcone, coumarin, and thiazole—were successfully synthesized. The synthesis was achieved through the Hantzsch cyclization reaction between 3-(bromoacetyl) coumarin and chalconethiourea as starting materials, employing various substituents. Chalcone-thiourea derivatives with electron-donating substituents yielded higher product yields (80-99%), whereas those with electron-withdrawing substituents resulted in lower yields (70-80%). The molecular structures of the synthesized compounds were elucidated using spectroscopic techniques, including UV-Vis, FTIR, HR-ESIMS, ¹H-NMR, and ¹³C-NMR. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH and ABTS assays, revealing that the synthesized compounds exhibited moderate antioxidant activity.