Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS): bridging the gap from bench to bedside

Abstract Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) represents a groundbreaking innovation in managing complications of portal hypertension, such as variceal bleeding and refractory ascites. This minimally invasive procedure creates a direct connection between the portal and systemic circulation, reducing portal pressure and improving hemodynamic stability. Over the years, advances in imaging techniques, stent technology, and procedural approaches have transformed TIPS from an experimental concept into a standard-of-care intervention. This review explores the translational journey of TIPS, highlighting its scientific underpinnings, clinical applications, and evolving role in hepatology. Key milestones in preclinical research that laid the foundation for its success are discussed, alongside its adoption in clinical practice and its impact on patient outcomes. While TIPS has revolutionized treatment paradigms, challenges remain, including complications such as hepatic encephalopathy and stent dysfunction. Emerging innovations in stent design and patient monitoring hold promise for overcoming these barriers and expanding the scope of TIPS in therapeutic medicine.