An Empirical Analysis of the Competencies of Management Consultants in Northeast Hungary between 2001-2021

This study examines the evolving competencies of management consultants in Northeast Hungary from 2001 to 2021 and proposes a comprehensive consultant competence model based on a 20-year longitudinal analysis. The research combines questionnaire surveys (conducted in 2001 and 2005–2006) with in-depth interviews involving consultants and clients during 2011–2012, 2015–2016, and 2020–2021, analysed using SPSS 30.0. Findings reveal significant transformations in consultant competencies over the two decades, shaped by the region’s socio-economic evolution. Notably, perceptions of consultant competence remained stable between consultants and entrepreneurs, with minimal discrepancies. However, digital skills showed no notable improvement after 2006, including during the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting a persistent gap in digital readiness. The consultant competence model identifies five critical factors: change and collaboration skills; experience, social competence, and loyalty; strategic thinking and communication skills; project-oriented approaches; and advisory authority. <br />Implications for Central European audience: The theoretical section synthesises management consulting theories, competency frameworks, and essential consulting roles, along with a review of international literature, and summarises empirical studies previously conducted in this field. The practical section presents a competence model derived from this longitudinal research, offering applications for university curricula and professional training programs organised by industry associations. This model has broader relevance for enhancing consultant training across Central Europe.