Nutrition practice and research in the age of nutritional neuroscience

Abstract Objective To explore current issues regarding the inclusion of nutritionists in Nutritional Neuroscience, addressing key concepts, main areas of research, and their potential, in addition to knowledge gaps requiring further attention. Methods This theoretical and reflective article discusses major research topics in Nutritional Neuroscience, including eating behavior and its influence on human health, the relationship between nutrition and nutritional status and cognitive function (memory and mood disorders), the role of nutrition in neurodevelopmental disorders, its implications for the treatment of neurological diseases and epilepsy. This discussion is supported by scientific literature and clinical guidelines and protocols developed by specialized agencies in food, nutrition, and medical care. Results Nutritional Neuroscience examines the interplay between brain function and food intake, aiming to broaden the understanding of how dietary habits, nutrient consumption, and nutritional status influence brain function, as well as their implications in normal homeostatic processes and their impact on brain health, neurobiological mechanisms, and pathological conditions. In this article, we address the aspects of eating behavior and the role of nutrition in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders, memory, and neurological diseases, which are areas considered the most prominent and promising within the field. Conclusion Nutritional Neuroscience represents a promising field for nutritionists in both research and professional practice. Strengthening the educational foundation of nutritionist training by integrating the best available evidence is essential to support effective and evidence-based practice in this area.