Jointly Trading Energy and Flexibility Based on FlexOffers and Blockchain

Traditionally, electricity is traded in some markets while flexibility is traded in others (e.g., day-ahead, intra-day, balance vs FCR, mFRR, aFRR markets). This paper describes a solution for joint trading of (electrical) energy and flexibility, based on the so-called FlexOffer concept which models energy needs and their associated flexibilities in one joint data object, explains actors and procedures for trading and market clearing, the IBM HyperLedger Fabric blockchain implementation and project pilot results.