Research on Substation Electrical Proximity Early-Warning Technology Based on the “Electric Field + Distance” Double Criterion

With the continuous improvement of China's power grid, safety issues in substation operation and maintenance have become increasingly prominent. However, the existing electrical proximity early-warning devices are inadequate for the complex environments of substations, highlighting the urgent need to develop new electrical proximity early-warning technologies. Based on the safety needs of substation operators, this paper proposes an electrical proximity early-warning method that integrates 'electric field + distance'. It combines MEMS electric field test technology with ultrasonic ranging technology and designs a double-criterion electrical proximity early-warning device. Based on the COMSOL 6.0 finite-element electric field simulation and the construction safety specification for substation equipment, a multistage electric-field early-warning threshold has been reasonably formulated. A field test conducted at a 220 kV substation demonstrates that this device can issue alerts for various electrical proximity threat levels of the circuit breaker within 0.1 s, which is faster and more accurate than existing commercial electrical proximity early-warning devices. The double-criterion early-warning system minimizes the risk of missed alarms during multi-distance measurements. Additionally, its flexible warning threshold accommodates the increasingly complex operational requirements of substations.