Bagpiper's oral hyperkeratosis

This article includes, to the best of the authors' knowledge, the first described cases of hyperkeratosis of the oral mucosa induced by playing the bagpipes. The clinical and pathological features of two cases are presented. A discussion summarizes the health implications of bagpipe playing as well as the orofacial implications of playing other musical instruments. CPD/Clinical Relevance: White patches of the oral mucosa are common, and it is important for the clinician to take a thorough history to be able to determine the likely aetiology.