Integration of nano routers into cryptographic circuits for scalable QCA architectures

In today’s modern world, communication systems and networks play a crucial function in transmitting data and information. The exchange of information through these systems has become an essential, everyday aspect of modern life. Nano-communication networks are expected to be key enablers of global communication, offering high-speed data transfer through nanoscale circuits that consume minimal power. One promising approach is Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA), a nanoscale technology that supports the development of molecular-level devices capable of operating at terahertz frequencies while using extremely low energy. This research presents the foremost design of a nano router dependent on QCA logic. The nano router is implemented in a coplanar layout, utilising the fewest possible cells while achieving optimal area efficiency, minimal latency, and low power consumption. The nano router is then used to build a cryptographic circuit based on QCA technology. The designs are simulated using QCADesigner, QCADesigner-E, QCAPro, and the findings indicate that the designed nano router achieves a substantial reduction in both area-time intricacy and power utilisation when compared to earlier designs. Moreover, the simulation effects exhibit that the outlined nano router achieves above 70% improvement in resource efficiency compared to almost all existing layouts.