Investigation into the capacitance performance of blended sliver composed of metal and polyester staple fibers

This study proposes a capacitor design method based on metal/polyester staple fiber blended slivers. By regulating the parallel arrangement of stainless steel (SS) fiber and enameled copper wire (EW) in the polyester matrix through carding process, a three-dimensional interdigital electrode structure within the sliver is constructed, thereby achieving directional enhancement of the capacitance characteristics. Experiments show that when the sliver volume mass is 0.57 g/cm³ and the SS fiber content reaches 14%, a high capacitance value of 2105.56 mF can be obtained under a voltage of 1 V and a frequency of 100 Hz. Although the introduction of surface-insulated EW reduces the risk of metal contact, its contribution to the capacitance improvement is limited. The capacitor substrate has both flexibility and breathability, enabling effective capacitance enhancement. This provides a new approach for the subsequent design of wearable electronics and smart fabrics, and is suitable for scenarios that require both high energy storage and functionality, such as electromagnetic protection.