Typology of lexical errors in the sphere of scientific and business communication of higher education students: linguomethodic aspect

The article emphasizes the importance of future teachers having both professional and communicative competencies. In view of this, the importance of the courses “Ukrainian Language (for Professional Purposes)”, “Culture of Scientific Ukrainian Language”, “Modern Ukrainian Language with Practicum” is emphasized, within which different aspects of oral and written communication are studied in higher education, attention is paid to the culture of personal speech, communicative qualities of speech, and compliance with the norms of the modern Ukrainian literary language. In the article, lexical errors are interpreted as violations of the vocabulary rules, first of all, the use of a word in an unusual meaning. Different types of lexical errors are considered: violation of lexical compatibility of words, use of synonyms without taking into account their semantic shades and stylistic coloring; erroneous use of one word instead of another, distortion of words of the literary language, as a result of which the meaning of the statement changes, non-compliance with the rules of using borrowed vocabulary; unjustified use of calques from the Russian language; tautology, pleonasm. The article summarizes the experience of studying the modern Ukrainian literary language lexical norms by students of non-philological specialties - future teachers. The author describes the experience of working on lexical norms, emphasizes the importance of familiarizing higher education students with the classification of lexical errors, in particular, the wrong choice of a word among similar ones, speech redundancy, ambiguity, and violation of lexical compatibility. The article provides examples of specially modeled lexical exercises and tasks for them, during which students not only have to find lexical errors and edit the text, but also indicate the nature of the errors, justify their choice of language means in a connected text, form in future specialists the text editing skills, and contribute to the formation of their lexical competence. Thus, in the process of studying the educational components “Ukrainian Language (for Professional Purposes)”, “Modern Ukrainian Language”, “Culture of Scientific Ukrainian Language”, future specialists, provided that they have a responsible attitude to the study of the normative aspect of speech culture, develop the necessary skills of normative professional language communication, the ability to edit connected texts, which ensures a conscious understanding of language as a system of signs that is a means of communication, thinking, expression and cognition.